HTML
HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. This is the original scripting language all Web sites were, and often still are, created with.
An HTML file is simply a text file comprised of the page content and tags. Tags are essentially instructions to computers, explaining either what the content between a pair of tags is or how it should be displayed.
Originally all tags were descriptive, stating whether content was a heading, paragraph etc, or describing some feature of the page such as the location of an image you wanted to include. Soon however Web browsers began to use tags their designers have created to allow colours or different fonts to be used. To prevent these getting out of hand W3C, who control the standards for HTML, started to include these propriety tags into the standards.
As time has gone on the use of Cascading Style Sheets has allowed the formatting instructions to be removed from the HTML code allowing this to once again describe the content as opposed to stating how it should be laid out.
A Simple HTML script:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Hello World!</p>
</body>
</html>